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| The Hacker Attitude | Vlastnosti hackera |
| Hackers solve problems and build things, and they believe in freedom and voluntary mutual help. To be accepted as a hacker, you have to behave as though you have this kind of attitude yourself. And to behave as though you have the attitude, you have to really believe the attitude. | Hackeři řeší problémy a vytvářejí věci, věří ve svobodu a dobrovolnou vzájemnou pomoc. Být přijímán jako hacker znamená chovat se tak, jako že máte tento postoj. A chovat se, jako že máte tento postoj, znamená opravdu mu věřit. |
| But if you think of cultivating hacker attitudes as just a way to gain acceptance in the culture, you'll miss the point. Becoming the kind of person who believes these things is important for you -- for helping you learn and keeping you motivated. As with all creative arts, the most effective way to become a master is to imitate the mind-set of masters -- not just intellectually but emotionally as well. | Pokud ale hodláte pěstovat hackerské chování jenom proto abyste dosáhl uznání v této kultuře, pak budete vedle. Protože věřit těmto věcem je důležité pro vás, pomůže vám to učit se a udržet si motivaci. Jako u všech tvůrčích činností je nejlepším způsobem jak se stát mistrem napodobovat myšlení mistrů -- nejen intelektuálně, ale také emocionálně. |
| So, if you want to be a hacker, repeat the following things until you believe them: | Takže pokud chcete být hackerem opakujte si následující pravidla dokud jim neuvěříte: |
| 1. The world is full of fascinating problems waiting to be solved. | 1. Svět je plný fascinujících problémů, které čekají na vyřešení. |
| Being a hacker is lots of fun, but it's a kind of fun that takes lots of effort. The effort takes motivation. Successful athletes get their motivation from a kind of physical delight in making their bodies perform, in pushing themselves past their own physical limits. Similarly, to be a hacker you have to get a basic thrill from solving problems, sharpening your skills, and exercising your intelligence. | Být hackerem znamená spoustu zábavy, ale je to ten druh zábavy, který vyžaduje mnoho úsilí. Úsilí vyžaduje motivaci. Úspěšní atleti těží tuto motivaci z pocitu fyzického potěšení z výkonů svého těla a z překonávání vlastních fyzických hranic. Podobně je nutné mít základní nadšení z řešení problémů, zlepšování svých schopností a procvičování své inteligence pokud se chcete stát hackerem. |
| If you aren't the kind of person that feels this way naturally, you'll need to become one in order to make it as a hacker. Otherwise you'll find your hacking energy is sapped by distractions like sex, money, and social approval. | Pokud nejste zrovna ten typ člověka, který považuje tuto věc za přirozenou, budete se jím muset stát abyste se mohl stát hackerem. Jinak zjistíte, že vaše hackerská energie je odčerpávána věcmi jako sex, peníze a společenské uznání. |
| (You also have to develop a kind of faith in your own learning capacity -- a belief that even though you may not know all of what you need to solve a problem, if you tackle just a piece of it and learn from that, you'll learn enough to solve the next piece -- and so on, until you're done.) | (Je třeba si také vypěstovat víru ve vlastní schopnost učení -- víru, že nemusíte vědět všechno co je pro vyřešení problému potřeba, protože když dokážete vyřešit alespoň část problému, naučíte se dost na zvládnutí dalšího kousku a tak postupně dokud nejste hotovi. |
| 2. Nobody should ever have to solve a problem twice. | 2. Nikdo by neměl řešit jeden problém dvakrát. |
| Creative brains are a valuable, limited resource. They shouldn't be wasted on re-inventing the wheel when there are so many fascinating new problems waiting out there. | Tvůrčí mysli jsou cenný a limitovaný zdroj. Neměli by proto být promrhány při znovuobjevování kola, když existuje tolik nových fascinujících problémů, které čekají na řešení. |
| To behave like a hacker, you have to believe that the thinking time of other hackers is precious -- so much so that it's almost a moral duty for you to share information, solve problems and then give the solutions away just so other hackers can solve new problems instead of having to perpetually re-address old ones. | Jako hacker musíte věřit, že čas, který ostatní hackeři stráví přemýšlením je vzácný -- natolik, že je téměř morální povinností dělit se o informace. ňešit problémy a poté zveřejňovat výsledky, aby ostatní hackeři mohli řešit nové problémy namísto ustavičného řešení starých. |
| (You don't have to believe that you're obligated to give all your creative product away, though the hackers that do are the ones that get most respect from other hackers. It's consistent with hacker values to sell enough of it to keep you in food and rent and computers. It's consistent to use your hacking skills to support a family or even get rich, as long as you don't forget you're a hacker while you're doing it.) | (Nedomnívejte se, že jste zavázáni zveřejňovat všechnu svoji tvůrčí práci, i když hackeři, kteří to dělají, jsou mezi hackery nejváženější. Je slučitelné s hackerskými hodnotami prodat takovou část své práce, která vám zaplatí jídlo, nájem a počítač. Je přijatelné použít hackerské schopnosti k podpoře rodiny, nebo se dokonce stát bohatým pokud při tom nezapomenete, že jste hackerem.) |
| 3. Boredom and drudgery are evil. | 3. Nuda a otrocká práce jsou špatné. |
| Hackers (and creative people in general) should never be bored or have to drudge at stupid repetitive work, because when this happens it means they aren't doing what only they can do -- solve new problems. This wastefulness hurts everybody. Therefore boredom and drudgery are not just unpleasant but actually evil. | Hackeři (a tvůrčí lidé všeobecně) by se nikdy neměli nudit nebo se dřít při úmorné, opakující se činnosti, protože to znamená, že v té chvíli nedělají to co umějí jen oni -- řešit problémy. Toto mrhání je škodlivé pro každého. Proto jsou nuda a otrocká práce nejen nepříjemné ale skutečně špatné. |
| To behave like a hacker, you have to believe this enough to want to automate away the boring bits as much as possible, not just for yourself but for everybody else (especially other hackers). | Jako hacker musíte tomuto pravidlu věřit natolik abyste se snažil co nejvíce všechny ty nudné věci zautomatizovat, nejen pro sebe, ale také pro ostatní (obzvláště pro ostatní hackery) |
| (There is one apparent exception to this. Hackers will sometimes do things that may seem repetitive or boring to an observer as a mind-clearing exercise, or in order to acquire a skill or have some particular kind of experience you can't have otherwise. But this is by choice -- nobody who can think should ever be forced into boredom.) | (Existuje jedna zdánlivá výjimka z tohoto pravidla. Hackeři občas dělají věci, které by mohli pozorovateli připadat jako opakující se a nudné, jako cvičení pro pročištění mysli, nebo k dosažení zručnosti nebo zkušenosti, které nelze získat jinak. Dělají to ale z vlastní vůle -- nikdo kdo myslí by se neměl nikdy nechat donutit k nudě. |
| 4. Freedom is good. | 4. Svoboda je dobrá |
| Hackers are naturally anti-authoritarian. Anyone who can give you orders can stop you from solving whatever problem you're being fascinated by -- and, given the way authoritarian minds work, will generally find some appallingly stupid reason to do so. So the authoritarian attitude has to be fought wherever you find it, lest it smother you and other hackers. | Hackeři jsou od přírody proti autoritám. Kdokoli kdo vám může dávat příkazy vás může odvést od řešení jakéhokoliv problému, který vás fascinuje -- a, vzhledem ke způsobu myšlení autorit, si k tomu najdou nějaký opravdu stupidní důvod. Proti autoritářskému myšlení je tedy třeba bojovat v jakékoli podobě se s ní potkáte, aby neudusila vás a všechny hackery. |
| (This isn't the same as fighting all authority. Children need to be guided and criminals restrained. A hacker may agree to accept some kinds of authority in order to get something he wants more than the time he spends following orders. But that's a limited, conscious bargain; the kind of personal surrender authoritarians want is not on offer.) | (To neznamená bojovat proti všem autoritám. Děti musí být vedeny a zločinci zavíráni. Hacker může přijmout nějakou autoritu pokud tím získá něco co je pro něj cennější než čas, který stráví plněním úkolů. Je to ale omezený, promyšlený obchod; součástí nabídky není ten druh osobní odevzdanosti, po kterém autority touží. |
| Authoritarians thrive on censorship and secrecy. And they distrust voluntary cooperation and information-sharing -- they only like `cooperation' that they control. So to behave like a hacker, you have to develop an instinctive hostility to censorship, secrecy, and the use of force or deception to compel responsible adults. And you have to be willing to act on that belief. | Autoritám se daří v podnebí cenzury a utajování. Nevěří v dobrovolnou spolupráci a sdílení informací -- mají rádi jen spolupráci, kterou mohou 'kontrolovat'. Jako hacker si tedy musíte vypěstovat instinktivní nepřátelství k cenzuře, utajování a používání moci nebo klamu jako donucovacího prostředku proti zodpovědným dospělým lidem. A musíte být ochoten se podle toho chovat. |
| 5. Attitude is no substitute for competence. | 5. Postoj ještě neznamená schopnost |
| To be a hacker, you have to develop some of these attitudes. But copping an attitude alone won't make you a hacker, any more than it will make you a champion athlete or a rock star. Becoming a hacker will take intelligence, practice, dedication, and hard work. | Jako hacker si musíte vypěstovat některé z těchto postojů. Ale pouze názory z vás hackera neudělají víc než třeba šampióna v atletice nebo rockovou hvězdu. Stát se hackerem vyžaduje inteligenci, praxi, obětavost a těžkou práci. |
| Therefore, you have to learn to distrust attitude and respect competence of every kind. Hackers won't let posers waste their time, but they worship competence -- especially competence at hacking, but competence at anything is good. Competence at demanding skills that few can master is especially good, and competence at demanding skills that involve mental acuteness, craft, and concentration is best. | Proto se musíte naučit nedůvěřovat pózám a respektovat schopnost jakéhokoli druhu. Hackeři se nenechají obírat o čas pozéry ale váží si schopností -- obzvláště hackerských, ale jakákoli odbornost je dobrá. V případě náročných dovedností, které si mohou osvojit jen nemnozí je obzvlášť ceněná, a v případě, že jde o schopnosti v oblastech, které vyžadují pronikavé myšlení, vynalézavost a koncentraci je nejcennější. |
| If you revere competence, you'll enjoy developing it in yourself -- the hard work and dedication will become a kind of intense play rather than drudgery. And that's vital to becoming a hacker. | Pokud si budete vážit schopnosti, bude vás těšit pěstovat jí i v sobě -- tvrdá práce a obětavost se pro vás stanou jakousi úžasnou hrou spíše než dřinou. A to je opravdu důležité pokud se chcete stát hackerem. |
| adultinternetusers > Překlady > Jak se stát hackerem |
| Intro / Search / adultinternetusers |
| Začátek | Předcházející | Další | Obsah... [Seznam překladů] | česky | english | english-česky |
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